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Primary sourceBook1871

Through the Looking-Glass

Lewis Carroll · 1871

Carroll's 1871 sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, in which Alice enters a mirror world structured like a chess game.

Carroll's sequel to Alice, showing his mathematical imagination applied to storytelling.

Two stacked black-and-white engravings of Alice in a looking-glass room. Top: Alice climbs onto a mantelpiece reaching upward, beside glass domes holding a clock and a vase. Bottom: Alice stands on the mantelpiece in armour-like clothing, looking down, with a clock under a glass dome and a small figure in another dome.
John Tenniel, illustration from Through the Looking-Glass, 1871.

About this source

What it is

Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There is a novel published in December 1871 by Lewis Carroll, sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. Alice climbs through a mirror into a reversed world where chess pieces come alive. John Tenniel again provided the illustrations.

Why it matters

The book shows Carroll's mathematical and logical imagination, built around the structure of a chess problem, and introduced lasting phrases such as "jam to-morrow and jam yesterday" and "portmanteau words". It demonstrates how Carroll's mathematics lecturing at Oxford shaped his imaginative writing.

Look closer

  • How does the idea of a mirror world let Carroll play with logic and reversal?
  • Why might Carroll have organised the book's events like moves in a chess game?
  • What do the strange nursery-rhyme characters Alice meets suggest about Victorian childhood reading?

This book is part of the curated material that grounds the AI version of Lewis Carroll on Humy.ai — when students ask about related events, the AI can quote it and cite it.

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