Primary sourceBook1911 translation; written 1888
Twilight of the Idols and The Antichrist
Friedrich Nietzsche · 1911 translation; written 1888
A translated edition of two of Nietzsche's late works, summarizing his critique of philosophy and morality.
A translated edition of two of Nietzsche's final major works, summarizing his philosophy near the end of his life.
About this source
What it is
This volume contains English translations of The Twilight of the Idols and The Antichrist, written by Friedrich Nietzsche near the end of his working life. The translation is by Anthony M. Ludovici, published in 1911 as part of a complete edition of Nietzsche's works edited by Dr Oscar Levy.
Why it matters
The translator's preface notes that Twilight of the Idols was written quickly, in just a few days, towards the end of summer 1888. These late works offer a condensed, sharpened version of Nietzsche's ideas about philosophy, morality, and religion, written not long before his health collapsed.
Look closer
- Why might a philosopher choose to summarize his ideas in short, sharp books near the end of his working life?
- What does the translator's preface tell us about how quickly this book was written?
- How might reading a translation change the experience of Nietzsche's famously forceful style?
This book is part of the curated material that grounds the AI version of Friedrich Nietzsche on Humy.ai — when students ask about related events, the AI can quote it and cite it.
More Friedrich Nietzsche sources
Meet the AI Friedrich Nietzsche →
BookPrimary source
Thus Spoke Zarathustra
Friedrich Nietzsche · 1883-1885
BookPrimary source
On the Genealogy of Morality
Friedrich Nietzsche · 1887
BookPrimary source
The Gay Science
Friedrich Nietzsche · 1882
BookPrimary source
Beyond Good and Evil
Friedrich Nietzsche · 1886
BookPrimary source
The Birth of Tragedy
Friedrich Nietzsche · 1872
Ready when you are
Start chatting with Friedrich Nietzsche now.
20 messages free · No credit card · Available in 50+ languages.