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Primary sourcePainting15th century

The Catholic Monarchs and Infanta Juana

Unknown · 15th century

An illuminated manuscript illustration from a 15th-century poem on the conquest of Granada, showing Isabella, Ferdinand, and their daughter Juana.

This 15th-century miniature depicts Isabella herself alongside Ferdinand and their daughter Juana.

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Illuminated manuscript miniature with red handwritten caption reading 'Los altos Reyes don Fernando y doña Ysabel y la Reyna Ysabel y la doña Juana'. Under a painted arch, a crowned king in brown gown and a crowned queen in red and green gown stand beside a young woman in blue and red, while a small figure in red kneels or bows at left. Checkered tile floor.
Unknown artist, The Catholic Monarchs and Infanta Juana, from the Rimado de la conquista de Granada, 15th century.

About this source

What it is

This is an illuminated miniature from the Rimado de la conquista de Granada, a 15th-century poem. A handwritten caption names the figures shown: King Fernando, Queen Ysabel, and Infanta Juana, standing under a painted arch on a checkered floor, with a smaller figure bowing nearby.

Why it matters

This image comes from the court culture of Isabella and Ferdinand, the Catholic Monarchs who ruled Castile and Aragon together. It links the royal family directly to the conquest of Granada, one of the defining events of their reign, and shows how artists of the time pictured the monarchy alongside their children.

Look closer

  • What does the clothing and setting tell you about how royalty wanted to be shown?
  • Why might an artist include the queen's daughter in this scene?
  • What is left out of this image that a history book might include?

This painting is part of the curated material that grounds the AI version of Queen Isabella I on Humy.ai — when students ask about related events, the AI can quote it and cite it.

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Capitulations of Santa Fe

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Treaty of Tordesillas

7 June 1494

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Testament of Isabella I of Castile

Isabella I of Castile · 12 October 1504

Painted portrait of a woman against a dark background, shown from the shoulders up. She wears a white veil covering her head, a white embroidered blouse with black patterned stripes, and a dark gown. A gold cross pendant hangs from a pearl-edged ornament at her chest. Her blue eyes look directly forward.Painting

Primary source

Portrait of Isabella the Catholic

Juan de Flandes · c. 1500

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