Wood Engraving of Nicolaus Copernicus by I. G.

What it is

This wood engraving, made by an artist known only by the initials I. G., shows a man in a long robe and cap leaning on a stone window ledge, gazing at the sky. Around him are a desk with books and papers, an hourglass, a globe, and a telescope. The print is held by the Wellcome Collection.

Why it matters

The image was created long after Copernicus's lifetime, so it is not a true record of his appearance. Instead, it uses the symbols of astronomy—the globe, telescope, and books—to present him as a scholar devoted to studying the heavens.

Look closer

• Why do you think the artist included a telescope, even though telescopes did not exist in Copernicus's actual working life?
• What mood does the scene create, and how does that affect how we imagine Copernicus?
• What is missing from this picture that a real historical record might include?